The passive GNSS network in the Republic of Macedonia (MACREF) is divided into three tiers. The first-tier GNSS point network consists of 30 GNSS points, of which 12 are EUREF points and are part of the European reference frame. The second-tier GNSS point network consists of 165 GNSS points, and the third-tier GNSS point network consists of all remaining GNSS points, placed and designated to serve as a basis for conducting geodetic surveys.
The first-order GNSS points were determined in the EUREF GPS/GNSS measurement campaigns carried out in the Republic of Macedonia in 1996 and 2010, and the second-order GNSS points were determined in the GNSS measurement campaigns carried out in the Republic of Macedonia in 2004, 2009 and 2010. The coordinates of the first-order GNSS points are determined based on static GNSS measurements with an accuracy of +/- 0.005 m. to 0.010 m., the coordinates of the second-order GNSS points are determined based on static GNSS measurements in relation to the higher-order GNSS points with an accuracy of +/- 0.010 m. to 0.030 m., and the coordinates of the third-order GNSS points are determined based on static GNSS measurements in relation to the higher-order GNSS points, or by using the MAKPOS PP and MAKPOS RTK services with an accuracy of +/- 0.030 m. to 0.050 m.
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